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1.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 65(2): 168-173, Apr.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-896003

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Treatment of cancers of the head and neck may provoke sequelae that affect the quality of life of patients during and after treatment. Mouth-sinus communication resulting from partial or total surgical resection of the palate leads to the patient experiencing dysphagia, dysphonia and trismus, which can lead to social isolation of the individual. As a result, the work of the dental surgeon, together with the multidisciplinary team caring for cancer patients, is fundamental and can help with the diagnosis, assist in the management of chemotherapy and radiotherapy complications and enable postsurgical rehabilitation. The present study reports the case of a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma in the right maxilla, who underwent a partial maxillectomy, the resulting sequela being mouth-sinus communication. The dental treatment was performed at the Hospital of the Federal University of Pelotas preoperatively, during and after treatment. At this time the patient is rehabilitated with an obturator prosthesis and is being monitored by the dental team and the head and neck surgeon.


RESUMO O tratamento das neoplasias em região de cabeça e pescoço pode deixar sequelas que afetam a qualidade de vida do paciente durante e após o tratamento. A comunicação buconasosinusal decorrente da ressecção cirúrgica parcial ou total do palato traz ao paciente alterações na função mastigatória, estética, fonética e de deglutição o que pode levar a um isolamento social do indivíduo. Em vista disso, a atuação do cirurgião dentista junto à equipe multiprofissional de atendimento ao paciente oncológico se faz fundamental, podendo contribuir no diagnóstico, auxiliar no manejo de complicações do tratamento quimioterápico/radioterápico, e na reabilitação bucomaxilofacial, sendo esta uma alternativa para melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente, pois visa restabelecer as funções alteradas em decorrência do procedimento cirúrgico. O presente estudo relata o caso de uma paciente portadora de carcinoma adenóide cístico na maxila submetida à maxilectomia parcial, deixando como seqüela a comunicação buconasosinusal. O acompanhamento odontológico foi realizado no Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal de Pelotas no pré-operatório, durante e após o tratamento. No momento a paciente está reabilitada com uma prótese obturadora em acompanhamento pela equipe de odontologia e pelo cirurgião de cabeça e pescoço.

2.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 64(4): 477-483, Oct.-Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-842336

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Surgical treatment for palate cancers can result in oral-nasal/sinus communication, which impairs the swallowing, speech and chewing ability of patients with reflux of ingested food into the nasal cavity, reducing their quality of life. This article aims to report how three cancer patients, with different types of palate cancer undergoing partial maxillectomy with oroantral or oral-nasal communication as postoperative sequelae were prosthetically rehabilitated from 2009 to 2015. The prostheses were made by dental-surgeons interns in the service of the Multidisciplinary Residency in Oncological Healthcare of the Hospital School of the Federal University of Pelotas (HE/UFPel). One of the patients is completely edentulous, the second partially toothed and in the third case the patient is totally toothed, only requiring the obturator. The creation of prosthetic rehabilitation followed the steps of conventional prostheses, especially observing the particularities in the planning, molding, installation and adjustment stages of the prosthesis. In all cases there was improvement on speech immediately after the prosthesis installation and patients reported greater ease to feed.


RESUMO O tratamento cirúrgico para os cânceres de palato pode resultar em comunicação buco-nasal/sinusal, o que interfere negativamente na capacidade de deglutição, fonação e mastigação dos pacientes, com refluxo dos alimentos ingeridos para a cavidade nasal, reduzindo sua qualidade de vida. Neste artigo, objetiva-se relatar como foram reabilitados proteticamente, no período de 2011 a 2015, três pacientes oncológicos com diferentes tipos de câncer de palato submetidos à maxilectomia parcial com comunicação buco-sinusal ou buco-nasal como sequela pós-operatória. As próteses foram confeccionadas por Cirurgiões-dentistas residentes no serviço de Residência Multiprofissional em Atenção à Saúde Oncológica do Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (HE/UFPel). Um dos pacientes é edêntulo total, o segundo é dentado parcial e no terceiro caso a paciente é totalmente dentada, necessitando apenas do obturador. A confecção das próteses obturadoras seguiu as etapas das próteses convencionais, observadas particularidades principalmente nas fases de planejamento, moldagem e instalação e adaptação da prótese. Em todos os casos observou-se melhora na fala imediatamente à instalação da prótese e os pacientes relataram maior facilidade ao se alimentar.

3.
Braz. oral res ; 23(1): 61-67, 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-514648

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of diltiazem in combination with a sucrose-rich diet on gingival alterations in rats. One hundred and twenty male Holtzman rats were randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 12), being 2 control groups treated with saline and 8 test groups treated with diltiazem in daily doses of 5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg during 40 or 60 days. Afterwards, the mandibles were removed for macroscopic, histologic and histometric analyses of the buccal gingiva of the mandibular right first molar. No macroscopic characteristic of gingival overgrowth was observed in any of the groups. The microscopic analysis showed characteristics of normality with inflammatory cells only adjacent to the crevicular epithelium in all groups for both periods. The histometric analysis showed significant differences only for the epithelial tissue area in the 40-day period (Kruskal-Wallis; P = 0.032). Comparing the periods, significant differences regarding the connective and epithelial tissue areas were observed only in the group treated with a 25 mg/kg dose (Mann-Whitney; P = 0.004 and P = 0.007, respectively). Oral administration of diltiazem in combination with a sucrose-rich diet did not induce gingival alterations in rats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology , Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects , Diltiazem/pharmacology , Gingival Overgrowth/chemically induced , Gingival Overgrowth/pathology , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time Factors
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